The Theories And Aspects Of Management - 1665 Words

For the purpose of an deeper understanding of the theories and aspects of management, I have chosen two different individuals who both work as managers in their vastly different fields. Each one has had to develop their own use and understanding of the management skills, and how to use them to improve and adapt the fundamental skills of a successful manager to their everyday challenges. The first manager I interviewed, Lydia Lee, worked for a small family owned business; Out of This World Cakes Cupcakes. Carmon Middleton and her husband, Doug Middleton, founded the company in 2009 in Spring, Tx. At the time it only employed family and close friends, but after a year of successful business they had to move to a larger location and open the door to other individuals who needed a job in order to maintain the demand for their bakery items. Their specialties included; bakery, gourmet cupcakes, cake pops, fudge, gourmet dinner cakes, sheet cakes, brownies, blondies, cookies, gourmet coffee, various beverages, marshmallow pops, dine-in eater, drive thru (â€Å"Yelp,† 2015). They had an average staff of 9 individuals with annual revenue of 100,000 – 500,000 (â€Å"Manta† 2015). Lydia started out as a baker in 2009 and moved up in 6 months to become assistant manager of the store as the store gained in popularity. At this new position, Lydia was considered by the employer to be â€Å"the right hand† or co-owner of the establishment. With this gain in leadership, she was entrusted with theShow MoreRelatedThe Theories And Aspects Of Management1666 Words   |  7 PagesFor the purpose of a deeper understanding on the theories and aspects of management, I have chosen two different individuals who both work as managers in their vastly different fields. Each one has had to developed their own use and understanding of the management skills, and how to used them to improve and adapt the fundamental skills of a successful manager to their everyday challenges. The first manager I interviewed, Lydia Lee, worked for a small family owned business; Out of This World CakesRead MoreThe Development Of Management Theory1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe main focus behind the development of management theory is the quest for good ways to make use of managerial means. Management theory evolves constantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa (Aguinaldo Powell, 2002). Progression in management theory normal happen as key personnel discover great methods to accomplish the most important management responsibilities: planning, organiz-ing, leading, and controllingRead MoreAn Organization Theory : Taylor s Scientific Management Theory Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesAn organizational theory that is still very much alive in modern day business practice is Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory. This theory was very influential when it first came out in increasing producti vity, creating job specialization, and finical advantages. But, it is also important to keep in mind that all things have their setbacks and for this theory that entails, dehumanization, under education, and becoming an enemy of the workingman. Furthermore, when outweighing the positives and negativesRead MoreThe Development Of Management Theory1643 Words   |  7 PagesThe main focus behind the development of management theory is the quest for good ways to make use of managerial means. Management theory evolves constantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa (Aguinaldo Powell, 2002). Progression in management theory normal happen as key personnel discover great methods to accomplish the most important management responsibilities: planning, organiz-ing, leading, and controllingRead MoreClassical Viewpoint Of Management Essay842 Words   |  4 Pages In the classical viewpoint of management, great time and effort is put into the scientific method and scientific management. The scientific method is used in order to determine the best way to accomplishing each assigned task. The classic viewpoint also uses the theory that persons need to be scientifically selected and then trained to conduct duties. Encompassed in this viewpoint is the implication that management develop and assign all tasks, and employees are responsible for the completion ofRead MoreThe Theories Of Management That Organizations Can Use755 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many approaches to management that organizations can use. Managerial theories are based on historical approaches or historical theories. Many organizations use more than one approach that may or may not be effective. Several decades ago researchers were attempting to explain the nature of managing from six different points of view: management process, empirical approach, human behavior, social system, decision theory, and mathematics theory. The organization that I work for, the CityRead MoreClassical Management Theories1568 Words   |  7 PagesSuccessful management requires an understanding of the fundamental concepts of effective management techniques and principles. In order to gain such insight, and manage effectively and efficiently, managers must develop an awareness of past management principles, models and theories. From the turn of the 20th Century, the need for a formal management theory was growing evident; organisations required a system to guide managers in an attempt to improve productivity and efficiency of workers. ThisRead MoreEssay about Classical Management Theories1523 Words   |  7 PagesSuccessful management requires an understanding of the fundamental concepts of effective management techniques and principles. In order to gain such insight, and manage effectively and efficiently, managers must develop an awareness of past management principles, models and theories. From the turn of the 20th Cen tury, the need for a formal management theory was growing evident; organisations required a system to guide managers in an attempt to improve productivity and efficiency of workers. ThisRead MoreThe Bureaucratic Management Theory1319 Words   |  6 PagesBureaucratic Management Theory. A bureaucracy is any form of organization that subscribes to an authority in the structure of a hierarchy and has a rigid set of rules. The purpose of the Bureaucratic Management Theory can be described as a system the enables an organization to expand and grow into a very complex company with very specific rules and regulations resulting in great success. An advantage of the Bureaucratic Management Theory is that it is the model by which all modern day theories are judgedRead MoreOrganizational Development (OD)1547 Words   |  7 Pages Organizational development (OD) is an application or process of building a greater level of efficiency within the organization. OD develops the ongoing effort geared for long-term effects. OD works to help management and employees on a variety of levels. Organizational development is perhaps unequaled in its ability to meet any type of organization needs. However, the solutions developed from the role of OD may not be necessarily interchangeable with different organizations (Grant, 2010).

Professional Development Plan Free Essays

Furthermore it will discuss techniques widely utilized include multiple association memberships, advanced/continuing education courses, and association with and In both student and professional resource groups. This paper will Identify and discuss two professional membership organizations and explain why each would be beneficial as a psychology professional. It will also identify and discuss one potential resource to utilize as a networking element and explain the steps to realize the opportunity so presented. We will write a custom essay sample on Professional Development Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lastly this paper will evaluate and discuss the benefits resented by networking among such groups and how they might support vocational goals and objectives. Introduction took an undergraduate class called Positive Psychology and it empowered me more than I thought it would. One supplemental book that was used: Strength Finders 2. 0 (Rata, 2007). Not only did it put me In the right mind-set but it also allowed me to make the right decision career-wise. I was trying to decide whether or not to pursue a MS or M. A. In Psychology. After reading Rates book and applying It to my personal life, I finally stuck to what was in my heart; counseling. No coursework actually influenced me to pursue a Masters in Psychology degree. I was attending Morehouse College attempting to pursue Pre-Med Biology and was required to take a few psychology classes, after having a deeper understanding of what psychology was, I was hooked and changed my major. My passion for helping individuals has directly and indirectly influenced the career field I’m pursuing. It has always been a passion of mine to help youth. As I became older and matured in life over the years, Eve been able to direct what I want to do In life In a more concrete direction. I started from mating to be a pediatrician, because I wanted to help kids, to now in the process of becoming a therapist, still helping kids. At 29, I’m still learning that I don’t know as much as I think I do. Eve learned that in order to be the best at what I’m trying to do, I need to apply myself much more than I’m doing now. The various theories Eve covered thus far has given me a greater outlook on the past and what the future can be. Everything that I’m learning can be used in some aspect and I won’t fully know the extent of what I’ve learned until I have to use it in practical application career- sis. I’m learning to be thoughtful and respectful of theories and Ideas that do not appeal to me or that I don’t agree with. When It comes to Interest, goals and values, It is something that I do not compromise on, especially my values. I use to work at a 1 OFF plan and come up with something that will help them start the process of discharging in the future. Kind of like a therapist but without the therapy part and licensee aspect. I have clients ask me things, ask for things and tell me thing that are far from my values. What I have to remember is that, â€Å"I’m not here to teach my ales, I’m here to make transformations†. It’s hard sometimes because I’m dealing with clients from all walks of life and they’ve been through hell and back. What it does for me is allow me to appreciate the values that I do have that have allowed me to make it to where I am now. Goal wise, the field that I am in now is where I want to be for the rest of my life. As I stated before, I initially began with wanting to be a pediatrician but as reality set in for me I decided that I can still â€Å"help† people but Just in a different facet, that being through psychology. The things Eve learned over the ears and the experiences Eve have, whether positive or negative are all â€Å"tools† that Eve acquired that will allow me to help others reach and overcome the issues that they may be struggling with. That is why I love working with youth because I seem to relate to them and I can interact with them on a level that is not belittling or degrading. The overused click â€Å"The Children Are Our Future†, is something that I take seriously and that is why I love doing what I do and I will continue to fine tune my craft and gift that I believe was given to me for a reason. Different Occupations There are a plethora of occupations within psychology that are regulated by state licensee and certification but for the purpose of this paper only two will be addressed; clinical and counseling. Clinical Psychologist This area includes interviewing, observation and testing; all clinical psychologists need to be thoroughly trained in this area and should be able to choose the correct type of testing/method when conducting this with the client. They test such things as intellect, cognitive processes, and social functioning along with this, being able to interpret the test is also essential to clinical psychologist. As well as being able to conduct test, a major role also includes the ability to diagnosis using multiple models. Giving the client the inner strength to acclimatize themselves to change and gain a sense of power in everyday living. The ability to implement and conduct different programs both basic and applied. This is a fundamental function of clinical psychologist in both clinical and academic formats. Working with peers who work with clients, interacting with peers, contributing their services for the bettering of the program, and obtaining supervision. Clinical psychologists have a skill set which revises a much needed service to society. They use it by practicing, creating and evaluating applied and scientific skills (Avails Hoses, 1996). Specific requirements for a Master’s Level Program An individual with a master’s degree cannot call themselves Psychologists because they have not obtained the degree level (Ph. D or Sys. D) to have that title. Those at the master’s level can only call themselves clinicians or therapist. This is granted only after successively completing an accredited master’s level program then passing the exam to become licensed in a particular state(s). After taking the exam they will take individuals stop at this level for various reasons such as not wanting to go back to school for the doctoral level degree, their Job does not require a higher level of education than the LCP/ALP, or they feel comfortable at the level of credentials and education they currently hold. There are plenty of careers for therapist/clinicians just in the master’s level such as academics, counseling centers, independent practice, human service agencies, hospitals, medical centers, and business/industries (Sternberg, 2007) position it depends on the direction an individual wants to take. Specific requirements for a Doctoral Level Program Obtaining a Ph. D or Sys. D is a slightly different route that requires more years of education and allows you the option to become a psychologist or psychiatrist. There are only a couple of states that allow you to prescribe medication as a psychologist. Many individuals take this route because of the higher level it allows one to begin at, others for the particular specialized area of career one decides to get in. These individuals are held to a higher level of standard and their expectations are also higher due to the lengthy amount of education and experience they bring. In a study one at Rutgers University they found that â€Å"A greater number of Ph. D. Alumni received â€Å"other honors and awards,† and Sys. D. Graduates did not out- perform Ph. D†( Bond, 2010). The study in itself, although Just one study, shows that the only difference lies in the choice that an individual wants to take. There are few differences in the Ph. D and the Sys. D but the main question is what direction you want career moving toward. Most Ph. D programs focus more on research while most Sys. D programs prepare for psychology practice (Translators, 2011). Vail Model The Vail Model formed in 1973 in Vail, Colorado at a conference because of the ongoing levels of disagreement from the Boulder conference. The supporters at the Vail conference believed that psychology was broad enough to have another designator other than the Ph. D (Norris Castle, 2002). They suggested that there should be a difference between practitioners and scientist so they formed what we now know as Sys. D. Unlike the PDP. D program, the Sys. D could be housed in one of three different settings: (1) University Departments (2) University Professional Schools and (3) Freestanding Institutions (Norris Castle, 2002). Boulder Model The Boulder Model was founded in 1949 at a clinical psychology conference in Boulder, Colorado. The purpose of the conference was to provide training and was the first of its kind. Duality was given to clinical psychologist as â€Å"scientist- practitioners† (Norris Castle, 2002). Two other milestones were crossed; (1) the required degree established was the Ph. D and (2) they wanted the training to be within the department and not a stand-alone establishment (Norris Castle, 2002). Personal Strengths and Weakness Many of my strengths come from personal experiences and workplace experiences because many of the Jobs Eve held and many of the areas in which Eve volunteered in ere of the mental health aspect or dealt with community services and counseling. My outgoing personality and willingness to go out on a limb for my fellow man is a huge strength of mine. I’m able to empathic with other peoples’ emotions and experiences. This aspect allows me to quickly and honestly build a rapport with those who I am working with. Some of my weaknesses are the field itself. I’m a rookie and stubbornness to accept new ideas which are outside of my personal beliefs. Let me say that I love learning new things that will further enhance and expound my reversion but I know that for me personally, other ideas outside of what I feel comfortable with, is an area that I struggle in. This is something that I know I would need to work on because it could hinder my ability to learn things beneficial to me. Techniques and Growth The American Psychological Association and the American Counseling Association are just two of the many outlets that are available. These organizations hold conferences and publish material to provide resources to those in the profession. Graduate and post-graduate schools are also a good resource because of the seasoned staff, arums, mini conferences, and meetings related to those in the profession. It is also good to become involved in various organizations to assist with networking and gaining knowledge. Summary and Conclusion I feel blessed to have taken this course and to be apart such a growing field which changes the lives of so many people each day. I am learning much and I will always reflect on what Eve learned in this course and future ones as well. Each day I’m continuing to take what Eve learned and apply it to my personal everyday life. The enjoyment Eve experienced and the trials Eve been able to overcome are a direct exult of this course and other. How to cite Professional Development Plan, Papers

Bible Book of Job Essay Example For Students

Bible Book of Job Essay One area in the bible which I have a problem understanding is the story in the beginning of Job. In this book, God talks to Satan and brags about His servant Job. He then goes on to bet with Satan, that whatever Job does, he will not renounce his faith in God. There are a couple of reasons this strikes me as odd. First of all, why would God, who is all knowing want to have anything to do with making deals with Satan? Secondly, why would Satan be interested in making deals with God, if he knows God already has the future planned out? Lastly, why would God put unnecessary affliction on His best man if it were only to prove a point to Satan?Maybe one of the reasons God would take a bet on by Satan in the book of Job is to teach a lesson to, not only Job and Satan, but the reader of the story. I think an important point of the story is the underlying theme; bad things dont just happen to bad people. There is no other apparent justification for what God put on Job. Maybe something has to happen to one person, to be able to save a thousand. The other side of the story is seen on the part of the Satan, who unwisely, decided to challenge God to a contest, which you think he would know he was unable to win. So why would Satan waste his time making a bet that he knew he would lose? The only reason I can see is that he truly thought Job would fall under the circumstances. This exchange between Satan and God seems like a no win situation. God, on one hand would never have made a bet, which would result in Him, appearing weaker or him losing. But, Satan was stupid enough to make a bet with God, which he surely knew wasnt going to result in a victory. The last question I presented was, why God would put unnecessary affliction on his most honorable and blameless man? This part of the story is what I think of as the most important. Job, just because he was righteous, thought that he didnt deserve to have anything bad happen to him. God made a point in the story when he chose Job as the object of His bet. Not only did God prove something to Satan, but to Job as well. I think Job put it best when he said With nothing from the ground I came, and with nothing I shall return.In conclusion, I think it important to acknowledge how strong Job was during his time of trial. If we can all learn something from this story, its that we have to have faith, in ourselves, in each other and in God. Without faith one is sure to crumble. If Job were any less of a man, he surely would not have delt with the scrutiny place on him. Maybe the real reason God displayed his power over Job is because He knew he could take it. Category: Religion

The collision of electronic information systems in transition with patients in transition

Executive summary Josephine McMurray, Elizabeth Hicks, Helen Johnson, Jacobi Elliott, Kerry Byrne, and Paul Stolee authored the article, Trying to find information is like hating yourself every day: The collision of electronic information systems in transition with patients in transition, which was published in the Journal of Health Informatics.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The collision of electronic information systems in transition with patients in transition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article examines the implication of electronic medical records (EMR) coupled with parallel paper medical records on continuity of information in healthcare facilities. In conducting the research, ethnographic field study was deployed as the main methodology for gathering data. The article draws its inferences from results of three main case studies involving older patients having hip fracture and transitioning with in healthcare settings (McMurray et al., 2012, p.218). The focus of the article is on the implication of the electronic information systems (EIS) interoperability on the capacity of healthcare providers to communicate amongst themselves and the implication of digital records on transformation of information handling and processing systems within healthcare facilities. According to the article, enhancement of continuity is an important outcome for healthcare information system. In this context, healthcare records are pivotal in enabling care providers to exchange patients’ clinical coupled with demographic information, which is necessary to effect appropriate treatment (McMurray et al., 2012, p.218). Records also aid in accountability transfers, regulatory compliance, and provide means for following up quality of the healthcare delivered. While the authors find documentation important in this extent, they argue that documentation culture consumes 25 percent of the caregiversâ €™ time in a healthcare facility (McMurray et al., 2012, p.218). Improving the documentation process can aid in improvising of more accurate, better quality, secure, and speedy, and even well coordinated healthcare.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the authors, the above qualities cannot be achieved via paper-based approaches to documentation of healthcare information. This assertion underlines the importance of transitioning to EMR healthcare information systems. However, the authors report low adoption rates of the EMRs in clinical settings in Canada. They also argue that care providers encounter challenges in sending and receiving information that has been digitized. Consequently, â€Å"the adoption of digitized documentation is inconsistent across healthcare sectors and interoperability between information systems is limited† (McMurray et al., 2012, p.220). Based on this realization, the researchers found it sound to conduct a research to investigate the effects of electronic and paper information parallel system in fostering efforts of communication exchange during the process of transitioning of patient within the healthcare continuum. The authors present two main viewpoints. First, â€Å"partial interoperability between electronic information systems has complicated not eased the ability to communicate across settings and disciplines† (McMurray et al., 2012, p.223). The authors note that during the period, which the research was conducted, Canada had strategically focused on investment in EMRs. Nevertheless, most cases studied showed that transitional information was transferred through paper-based means of communication. Despite the availability of EMRs in the three cases considered in the research, healthcare providers exchanged transitional information through fax or transportation of paper-based information during transferring of the patient across the care continuum. In particular, the authors exemplify this view point by claiming that in the case involving Mrs. Robertson, two facilities sharing ownership cared for her, but even though EMR was available to the two care facilities, â€Å"staff continued to fax requests for admission and discharge documentation to each other and maintained separate paper charts† (McMurray et al., 2012, p.224).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The collision of electronic information systems in transition with patients in transition specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, clinical care workers entered Mrs. Robertson’s information manually to an external database in each of the care facilities. For long-term care facilities, none of them deployed EMRs. Documentation of information is meant to ensure ease of accessibility and retrieval of information. However, in the second vie wpoint of the authors, â€Å"while some information is more accessible and communications streamlined, parallel paper and electronic systems have added to the front line providers burden, not eased it† (McMurray et al., 2012, p.224). In this context, the article findings indicate that even if information were recorded previously in the EMR system, front care providers raised concerns that they encountered challenges in accessing and retrieving the information. These challenges were attributed to poor user interfaces and unavailability of records’ summaries. However, physicians argued that although it was difficult to retrieve and access information from their places of residence in the EMR system, when such information was retrieved, it helped them in cross communication. As part of analysis of the article, it is important to note that transition from one information system to another involves organizational change. Before people can learn and acquire experience in the use of new information system, confusions and problems are anticipated. Therefore, it is not surprising that people would deploy paper-based approaches in the documentation process while EMRs were available. From the context of the second viewpoint of the authors, any digital information system has challenges articulated to its design. Some of these challenges include poor design of user interfaces and interactivity. When such challenges are encountered, the solution encompasses system redesign and improvement to meet user requirements, but not scraping it. In my opinion, the article is relevant to management information systems for Public and Health Administration. It provides possible area of improving EMRs to meet the needs of the users and deliver the outcomes for which the system is installed within a healthcare facility.Advertising Looking for report on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference McMurray, J., Hicks, E., Johnson, H., Elliott, J., Byrne, K., Stolee, P. (2012). Trying to find information is like hating yourself every day: The collision of electronic information systems in transition with patients in transition. Health Informatics Journal, 19(3), 218-232. This report on The collision of electronic information systems in transition with patients in transition was written and submitted by user Aria L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Real Threat of Bi-Erasure Professor Ramos Blog

The Real Threat of Bi-Erasure Megan Fox, Billie Joe Armstrong, Angelina Jolie, Andy Dick, Clive Davis, and ‘Mama June’ Shannon- the mother of pageant and reality star, Honey Boo Boo. What do these people all have in common? They’re all bisexual! But despite being prominent figures in pop culture and media, their sexuality, like mine and many other Americans’, is constantly erased or misrepresented. There are many harmful stereotypes of bisexuals like that we are greedy, unfaithful, promiscuous, confused, in transition, attention-seeking, and so many more. With little validation from our allies, constantly having to prove our identity and our worth, and an overall misunderstanding of who we are and what we believe, the widespread erasure and hatred of bisexuals is taking a toll on bi youth and adults. However, there is absolutely nothing wrong with being bisexual and we need to continue speaking up and raising awareness to ensure that bisexuality is no longer invalidated by heterosexuals or those who fall under the LGBT+ umbrella. Let’s start with the basics of bisexuality. Is it common, what is it and why do people refuse to acknowledge its existence? Bisexuals make up the largest group of the LGBT+ community, and 5.5% of all women and 2% of all men identify as bisexual (â€Å"Understanding Bisexuality†). However, despite making up almost half of the LGBT+ community, bisexuals are the least likely to be ‘out of the closet’ with 28% saying they’re out, compared to 77% of gay men and 71% of lesbians (Pew). So while it is not a rare occurance for someone to identify as bisexual, it is rare for them to tell people about that fact. What it exactly means to identify as bisexual, according to the American Psychological Association, is to be someone â€Å"who experiences emotional, romantic and/or sexual attractions to, or engages in romantic or sexual relationships with, more than one sex or gender.† The biggest misconception of bisexuality comes from the definition itself. Most people are familiar with the latin prefix â€Å"bi-† to mean â€Å"two† or â€Å"twice† or â€Å"both† (Mirriam-Webster). However, bisexuality is not just attraction to two genders, but rather, attraction to two or more genders or to some as attraction to people of a different gender than themselves and also to people of the same gender as themselves, or both different and the same. Unfortunately, due to this semantic misconception of bisexuality- and the lack of awareness of this misconception- bisexuality is considered by some members and allies of the LGBT+ community to be transphobic, or offensive to transgendered people and the progress they’ve made as they fight for their own visibility and validation Joyner. Some bisexuals actually are transphobic, but it certainly is not because they are bisexual. Cissexism, favoring and defaulting to cis-gendered ideology, is a pre-existing societal norm and the idea of bisexuality only being able to exist alongside a gender binary is a side effect of those ingrained beliefs and not a side effect of transphobia (Joyner). Just as those who identify outside of the gender binary are harmed by the existence of such a system, bisexuals are misconstrued to only be attracted to â€Å"both† men and women when this is not how most bisexuals choose to define their identity. Falsely relating bisexuality to transphobia is not the only other reason LGBT+ folx roll their eyes at the inclusion of the ‘B’ in their community. The identities â€Å"gay† and â€Å"lesbian† are considered monosexualities which are either attraction to a different gender than your own or attraction to the same gender as your own. Monosexism is so common in our society that bisexuals- among other queer identities- are often erased or invalidated. In 2004, when Robyn Ochs, a bisexual activist, married her partner Peg Preble in one of the United States’s first same-sex marriages, they made headlines with their heartwarming story of love and fighting for the right to have that love. Those headlines, however, read â€Å"Lesbian Pair Wed† and the articles discussed the issue of â€Å"gay marriage† in America (Cruz). The problem with this is that it erases Ochs’s identity within the straight community and the LGBT+ community. When a bisexual woman is in a relationship with another woman, she is labeled a lesbian. When a bisexual woman is in a relationship with a man, however, her ‘queerness’ is questioned because now she is in a seemingly straight relationship. This monosexism is a large root of biphobia. Often told to â€Å"pick a side† or that they are just â€Å"confused† by both gay people and straight people, bisexuals face constant invalidation no matter what kind of monogamous relationship they engage in. What is most misunderstood here is that the sexual attraction a person feels does not change when they enter into a monogamous relationship. Another large fear monosexuals express when entering into a relationship with a bisexual, however, is our infidelity. I have been rejected by both men and women because they fear that they are â€Å"not enough† for me. And I am not the only person to experience this. It’s common among those who do not understand bisexuality to be hesitant to enter a relationship with a bisexual because of their supposed attraction to many genders. What if they grow tired of them and want to mix things up? The pool of prospective partners is double as big as the pool for monosexuals, right? This kind of thinking is harmful to the bi community and to bi individuals. Faithfulness and sexuality are two distinct things. An online survey study from the University of Kentucky, bisexuals are more likely to question or view monogamy as a sacrifice, but 78% of the bi men surveyed and 67% of the bi women indicated that they were in a serious, monogamous relationship and the margin of bisexuals who felt monogamy was enhancing to a relationship to those who felt it was a sacrifice was miniscule. The conclusion is that bisexuals cannot be grouped under one stereotype, especially because they were not the only subjects tested who had negative responses to monogamy (Vrangalova). Another common, but harmful phenomenon is the oversexualization of bi people. It is hard for biphobes to separate the action of sex from the sexual orientation. Men are the biggest perpetrators of this, shamelessly inviting bi women to engage in ‘threesomes’ with them and their girlfriends or wanting to watch their bi girlfriends participate in sexual activity with other women because it is a turn on for them. These are not examples of support for the bi-community but rather objectification of bi people for selfish sexual gain. However, rude comments are the least of a bi woman’s worries. Corrective rape is the term for when a person is forced into sexual activity for the purpose of ‘correcting’ their sexual orientation, most often to conform with heterosexuality. According to a National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence study, â€Å"61% of bisexual women reported experiencing rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner at som e point in their lifetime.† Comparatively, 17% of straight women and 13% of lesbians have experience one of the above. Codi Coday, advocate and writer for the Bisexual Resource Center, attributes this staggering number to the objectification of bisexuals and rather than allowing them to think and choose for themselves, violence is used instead. Further, Coday points out, â€Å"Because of bi+ antagonism and misconceptions that bi+ people are slutty, unreliable, selfish, indecisive, dishonest, and more likely to cheat, a lot of bisexuals don’t report these crimes.† Unfortunately, it is a reality that stereotypes of bisexuality can directly harm people who identify as such. Physical violence is not ignorance’s only threat to bisexuals’ health. As mentioned earlier, bisexuals are significantly less likely to have told people about their sexual orientation most likely due to the discrimination they fear they’ll face for it. At first, there was little research to back this up largely in part to the fact that bisexuals were not included in studies or were lumped in with other sexual minorities like homosexuals. In a recent meta-analysis of several previously conducted studies that included bisexuals in their research and reported on depression and anxiety, it was concluded that bisexual people experience are â€Å"at disproportionate risk for depression and anxiety† and they identified three key factors that could contribute to bisexuals being at as high or higher risk for these outcomes than gays or lesbians which include â€Å"sexual orientation–based discrimination; bisexual invisibility and erasure; and lack of bisex ual-affirmative support.† (Ross et al). A different study focusing on young bi women’s experiences’ on their mental health found that having to prove their sexual identity was a large source of mental health disparity among the subjects (Flanders et al). This study also concluded that further education of bisexual identity and monosexism within heterosexual and LGBT+ communities could prevent beliefs and actions that â€Å"may be detrimental to the sexual and mental health of bisexual people.† (Flanders et al). The bisexual identity has been scoffed at, made fun of, purposefully ignored, and demanded proof of over and over and over again. Continuous widespread erasure and misconceptions have put people at risk of violent assaults and is attributed to mental health disparities among sexual minorities. The only way for bi people like myself to feel seen and validated is to continue educating and advocating for our place in the LGBT+ community and the world. There’s definitely a reason you might not even know your favorite celebrity is bisexual and it’s because of ignorance, plain and simple. â€Å"Bi.† Mirriam-Webster, www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bi.   Coday, Codi. â€Å"5 Reasons Why Oversexualizing Bisexuality Is Not Supportive.† BRC, Bisexual Resource Center, 23 Mar. 2017, biresource.org/5-reasons-why-oversexualizing-bisexuality-is-not-supportive.   Cruz, Eliel. â€Å"When Bisexual People Get Left Out of Marriage.† Advocate, PRIDE Publishing Inc., 26 Aug. 2014, www.advocate.com/bisexuality/2014/08/26/when-bisexual-people-get-left-out-marriage.   Flanders, Corey E., et al. â€Å"Sexual Health among Young Bisexual Women: A Qualitative, Community-Based Study.† Psychology Sexuality, vol. 8, no. 1/2, Mar. 2017, pp. 104–117. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1080/19419899.2017.1296486. Joyner, Jaz. â€Å"Is the Term Bisexual Transphobic? A Fact Check.† PRIDE, PRIDE Publishing Inc., 23 Sept. 2016, www.pride.com/bisexual/2016/9/23/term-bisexual-transphobic-fact-check.   Nichols, James. â€Å"30 Stars You Might Not Know Are Bisexual.† HuffPost, HuffPost News, 2 Feb. 2016, www.huffpost.com/entry/30-bisexual-celebrities_n_4023562.   Pew Research Center. â€Å"Chapter 3: The Coming Out Experience.† A Survey of LGBT Americans. Pew Research Center, 13 June 2019, https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2013/06/13/chapter-3-the-coming-out-experience. Ross, Lori E., et al. â€Å"Prevalence of Depression and Anxiety Among Bisexual People Compared to Gay, Lesbian, and Heterosexual Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.† The Journal of Sex Research, vol. 55, no. 4/5, 2018, pp. 435-456. Taylor and Francis Online, doi:10.1080/00224499.2017.1387755 â€Å"Understanding Bisexuality.† APA, American Psychological Association, www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/bisexual.   Vrangalova, Zhana. â€Å"Are Bisexuals Really Less Monogamous Than Everyone Else?† Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, 27 Sept. 2014, www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/strictly-casual/201409/are-bisexuals-really-less-monogamous-everyone-else.

Challenging Obstacles for Immigrants

Among the challenges, language, getting a job and culture are common for most of immigrants. The first challenge for immigrants is the language barrier. Since English is the second or third language for most immigrants, they face a lot of problems to communicate. Although, immigrants have some knowledge of English, the pronunciation of most words is different. So they can’t understand and communicate very easily. Furthermore, the accent of native speakers, Mexicans, Black Americans, and Chinese is different. This complicates the communication and creates stress for immigrants. For example, I came to the USA recently. I have some knowledge of English, but when I took my kids to the hospitals, go to shopping, and even when I was applying to this college, I found people who use different pronunciation and accent. Sometimes, I heard 50% to 90% of what people said and likewise they were not able to understand me, even though I was talking in English. As a result, â€Å"I’m sorry†, â€Å"say again†, â€Å"pardon† were my day to day words I used and heard for a couple of months. Therefore, language is the first big challenge that all immigrants face. The second challenging obstacle for immigrants is getting a job. Since language is a problem for immigrants, most of them failed in job interviews. Even though they are educated and professionals in their home country, it costs and takes time for their education to be accepted here. Thus, getting a job is tough. Especially now, following the economic crisis of the world, there are many layoffs and getting a job is like a miracle to most immigrants. In addition, the jobs available for immigrants are manual labor jobs that are tiresome. These jobs may also have fewer hours and surely have minimum pay. Therefore, immigrants will be forced to find another tiresome job to cover their living expenses. But getting another job is another worry for immigrants. Here I am going to give my husband’s experiences. As soon as we reached America and got our social security numbers, my husband tried to search and apply for jobs. After several months and trial, he got a part time job with minimum wage. His salary is not enough to cover our expenses, and now he is searching another job, but none has been found. Thus, following the language barrier, getting a job is a big challenging to immigrants. Culture is the third challenge that immigrants face here. Immigrants have their own cultures and living styles in their home country. The culture of dressing, talking, eating, social life etc†¦ is different here from immigrants’ home country. For example, here man and woman can kiss on the lips anywhere, but this is taboo in my country, Ethiopia. Another example is the way girls’ dress, here girls can wear whatever they like such as shorts and mini dresses. However, in my country, this is not accepted and girls should wear clothes that don’t expose their body. Thus, they should wear shorts and dresses which are below to their knees. The other thing here people eat their food anywhere; they can even eat walking on the street. However, in my country people, especially girls, cannot walk on the street while eating or drinking. There are several customs here that are counted as taboo in my culture. Therefore, the cultural differences make immigrants to be confused and shocked until they accustomed to it. As time passes, immigrants will manage and defeat the obstacles through several exposures and practice. Then, after passing through the obstacles, immigrants will enjoy a better life and even be in higher positions like senators, vice-presidents and also president of America. Challenging Obstacles for Immigrants Among the challenges, language, getting a job and culture are common for most of immigrants. The first challenge for immigrants is the language barrier. Since English is the second or third language for most immigrants, they face a lot of problems to communicate. Although, immigrants have some knowledge of English, the pronunciation of most words is different. So they can’t understand and communicate very easily. Furthermore, the accent of native speakers, Mexicans, Black Americans, and Chinese is different. This complicates the communication and creates stress for immigrants. For example, I came to the USA recently. I have some knowledge of English, but when I took my kids to the hospitals, go to shopping, and even when I was applying to this college, I found people who use different pronunciation and accent. Sometimes, I heard 50% to 90% of what people said and likewise they were not able to understand me, even though I was talking in English. As a result, â€Å"I’m sorry†, â€Å"say again†, â€Å"pardon† were my day to day words I used and heard for a couple of months. Therefore, language is the first big challenge that all immigrants face. The second challenging obstacle for immigrants is getting a job. Since language is a problem for immigrants, most of them failed in job interviews. Even though they are educated and professionals in their home country, it costs and takes time for their education to be accepted here. Thus, getting a job is tough. Especially now, following the economic crisis of the world, there are many layoffs and getting a job is like a miracle to most immigrants. In addition, the jobs available for immigrants are manual labor jobs that are tiresome. These jobs may also have fewer hours and surely have minimum pay. Therefore, immigrants will be forced to find another tiresome job to cover their living expenses. But getting another job is another worry for immigrants. Here I am going to give my husband’s experiences. As soon as we reached America and got our social security numbers, my husband tried to search and apply for jobs. After several months and trial, he got a part time job with minimum wage. His salary is not enough to cover our expenses, and now he is searching another job, but none has been found. Thus, following the language barrier, getting a job is a big challenging to immigrants. Culture is the third challenge that immigrants face here. Immigrants have their own cultures and living styles in their home country. The culture of dressing, talking, eating, social life etc†¦ is different here from immigrants’ home country. For example, here man and woman can kiss on the lips anywhere, but this is taboo in my country, Ethiopia. Another example is the way girls’ dress, here girls can wear whatever they like such as shorts and mini dresses. However, in my country, this is not accepted and girls should wear clothes that don’t expose their body. Thus, they should wear shorts and dresses which are below to their knees. The other thing here people eat their food anywhere; they can even eat walking on the street. However, in my country people, especially girls, cannot walk on the street while eating or drinking. There are several customs here that are counted as taboo in my culture. Therefore, the cultural differences make immigrants to be confused and shocked until they accustomed to it. As time passes, immigrants will manage and defeat the obstacles through several exposures and practice. Then, after passing through the obstacles, immigrants will enjoy a better life and even be in higher positions like senators, vice-presidents and also president of America.

Public Relation Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Public Relation Plan - Assignment Example By November 2005 it had 443 supermarkets and 287 convenience stores. For decades this chain of stores was number one in the UK market. It lost its position against TESCO in 1995. It reached to third position behind Wal-Mart owned ASDA in 2003. The reasons for this were better strategies adopted by the other two companies than Sainsbury, leadership and customer satisfaction. In today's scenario one's daily life is full of examples of services. When one think about service, service marketing triangle or rather pyramid comes to his mind, which has following components in it. The first part of the paper covers the situation analysis for Sainsbury. It includes competitor analysis and SWOT analysis. These two factors are important for any marketing, media or publicity decisions. This self-analysis and market analysis gives an opportunity to list all the factors important for the organisation. A good analysis throws light on various issues and topics, which can be utilised successfully for the publicity purpose. The next section deals with the target public section. This group deals with the fraternity group towards which the publicity plan will be targeted. According to this target group the publicity plan will have message, mode and timing of communication. Client strategy includes the message, objectives and other details of publicity plan. At the end the budget related to the publicity plan would be discussed. II. Situation Analysis Sainsbury has faced various marketing conditions. One time leader had reached to third position in the market. Any strategy to make a new brand is easier as compared to re-establishing any brand. The media group has not been favourable for Sainsbury till 2005. This is a strong influencer for all readers and audience. The current favourable scenario from the media group is one of the good signs for Sainsbury. Sainsbury can in cash this opportunity along with other strategies. II.i. Competitor Analysis As per the news on Guardian appeared on March 2006, the big four - TESCO, ASDA, Sainsbury's and Morrisons account for nearly 75% of the 95bn UK grocery market. The main competitors for Sainsbury are TESCO and ASDA. These two chains of stores are leading Sainsbury. TESCO TESCO has more than 30% market share of UK grocery market. It is more than double of its nearest competitor ASDA.TESCO is market leader in UK.240, 000 people are working for TESCO. "Tesco now has 100 Extra hypermarkets, 446 superstores, 160 Metro stores, 546 Express neighbourhood stores, and "over 500 other fascia-ed stores not judged worthy of the Tesco name but that still bring in

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 29

Leadership - Essay Example In turn, the followers are able to connect effectively with their leader without fear of any punitive measures against them. In this leadership model, a leader should be able to enhance positive change among his followers. It focuses on the personality of the leader instead of the actions of the same leader. To effect change and impart it among individuals requires a lot of assertiveness which is a must trait that a leader should posses if not learn. The film depicts Coach Carter as having idealized influence over his followers, which is simply the trust people have in him. Transformational leadership as seen in the film builds and maintains mutual trust between follower and the leader. Further, Carter has given his followers more autonomy and voice in making decision concerning them. This makes them feel important since they know that their leader cares about them. This builds a harmonious relationship between employees and top management (Bass 36-38). In order to create an atmosphere of trust, the leader can give workers more autonomy, interact with them and create a situation of idealized influence eliminate misconceptions about their relationship with the management. Transformational leadership facilitates and redefines people’s vision and mission. It also renews people’s commitment and restructures their systems to accomplish a certain goal. Thus, a mutual relationship stimulates and elevates follower to become leaders. In addition, it may also convert leaders to become moral agents. Transformational leadership should therefore be grounded on moral foundations. As seen in the film Coach Carter posses this qualities since he advocates for things that would lead to attainment of the people’s mission and vision. Transformational leadership has been renowned for fostering capacity development to bring higher personal level of commitment among

The Fairytale of Illusions Essay Example for Free

The Fairytale of Illusions Essay Once upon a time in a far away land unseen to man, there was a powerful realm called Fairytale country. The largest kingdom within Fairytale country was the Magical Kingdom which was owned by the selfish King Americus and Queen Eura. Magical Kingdom was a place filled with beauty, peace, and harmony. It was considered as such because of the beautiful, peaceful, and harmonious people inside the Magical Castle. What most outsiders did not know was the fact that the ordinary residents of Magical Kingdom have a different outlook on their situation. There was no beauty in their place, no peace, and absolutely no harmony. The Magical Castle took no notice of these predicaments. They merely solved the residents’ problems by means of magic tricks and illusions that their problems have been solved. When the farmers would complain about the lack of compensation from the castle, the King and Queen would order their illusionists to make the farmers believe that they have increased their payment. This way, believing that they were being given more than enough of what they truly deserve, all the residents loved the King and Queen The beloved King and Queen of Magical Kingdom later bore an extraordinary princess by the name of Selene. The King and Queen were so proud of their only daughter that they invited the most famous and powerful fairies of Fairyland on Selene’s baptism to grant her eternal gifts. There were thirteen fairies present on the baptismal celebration. Only twelve were recognized and invited by the King and Queen. They blessed her with eternal gifts of beauty, wisdom, kindness, compassion, obedience, creativity, wealth, diligence, honesty, loyalty, innocence, and happiness. All these gifts were believed to stay with her for the rest of her life to restrict her in a life that was to be dictated by her parents. The King and the Queen were so delighted that their daughter would be expected to live a perfect and happy life just like the other princesses in the Fairytale country like Snow White, Belle, Aurora, and Rapunzel. They hurriedly instructed all their servants to prepare a glamorous feast for the newly-baptized baby. Amidst the festivity, no one ever noticed the thirteenth fairy who attended the baptism. The thirteenth fairy, a loner who mostly enjoyed the company of the ogres and dwarves in the forest, thought that the gifts for baby Selene were too common and boring. She knew of the King’s evil and misleading deeds so she initially planned to end the life of the child on her eighteenth birthday. Remaining hidden among the crowd, the fairy flew silently and slowly to the elegant cradle of the royal baby. â€Å"How indeed beautiful you are, young Selene,† the thirteenth fairy whispered softly. The innocent look on the baby’s face made her change her mind about the death wish she was about to cast to her. She realized that she cared too much for the town to ruin a potential rescuer. She decided to give her something that the other stupid and ignorant princesses of Fairytale country do not possess. â€Å"Today, I will grant you the most powerful gift—a gift that no other princess deserves to have. This gift will soon change the wicked and cruel ways of this kingdom. However, the gift will only manifest upon your 18th year on Fairytale country. † In a silent chant, she whispered the gift to the innocent Selene and disappeared into the crowd. Years passed by and Selene grew up into a fine young woman. She was extremely beautiful extrinsically and intrinsically. The people of Magical Kingdom adored her, and even the other princesses within the Fairytale country wished to be a friend of hers. At a very young age of fifteen, she had plenty of royal suitors who desired to marry her once she turned eighteen and become ready for the throne. Quite expectedly, her parents had already pre-arranged her future marriage to Prince Gorf of Marioland. He was the son of King Harry and Queen Hermione. Selene reluctantly agreed for the sake of her parents’ happiness. However, her secret friend, Lance, would always convince her not to give her consent. He was a secret friend because he was an ordinary boy from outside the castle who would regularly sent her charcoal sketches of the world outside by wrapping the paper around a rock and throwing it over towards her bedroom window. Lance would write her stories about the outside world which she found to be exactly the opposite of what she saw from her castle window. She would often write back asking more questions about the real world. Lance claimed it was hell outside, and what she merely saw from her window were illusions created by her parent’s magicians and illusionists. However, the King and Queen were quite strict in terms of her extreme friendliness with the ordinary residents of Magical Kingdom, so they kept the friendship secret. Later on, they stopped writing to each other when Lance accused the King and Queen of fooling their people. Selene never believed him because her parents would always remind her how good they were to the residents and how ungrateful these residents were to them. Despite these claims, Selene wondered why they prohibited her to roam outside the kingdom. â€Å"There are dangerous people outside our gardens, dear Selene. You are not to go beyond those fences for you might be held captive by rebels who wish to dethrone your father,† the King explained when Selene implied an interest in seeing the world outside the castle grounds. â€Å"We cannot please everybody even though how hard we try, my dear. † â€Å"Dethrone you? How can they possibly even think of replacing you? They owe you their life, father,† Selene protested with a puzzled look. She could not believe that there were even evil people who exist. This was the result of being given the gift of innocence. â€Å"Indeed, indeed,† the Queen interfered. â€Å"We have given them everything they need but still some of them abhor us. Yet, it is understandable, Selene. They are of the lesser beings. Please just promise us never to cross that fence. † Since she was gifted with obedience, she never dared to see the world outside the castle until the morning of her eighteenth year on Fairytale country. Early that morning, when most of the servants were still asleep and the guards’ eyes were half-closed, she woke up in haste with a strange feeling of curiosity. She suddenly got out of bed and silently roamed around the garden of the castle. She noticed the tall and heavily-cemented fence that separates the castle from the world outside. She thought she heard a sound coming from behind that fence. â€Å"Is someone there? † She called out softly afraid to awaken the guards on duty nearby. â€Å"Selene! † She heard someone replied at the other side. She recognized that familiar voice and that voice was the only person who never called her princess. â€Å"Selene, come out here. I’ve dug a hole for you where you can slip out of these fences. † Selene followed where she thought she heard the voice the loudest then looked down. There was a small hole beneath the stone fence where her small stature was capable of crawling out. â€Å"I can’t,† she hesitated. â€Å"What do you mean, you can’t? I’ve dug this hole for over a month to prove what you previously accused of me as lies,† Lance insisted. Finally, she gave in. She carefully bent down to ease her way through the small hole that Lance had hollowed out for her. She was transformed into a world much different to her previous one. She saw dead trees and starving animals. She caught sight of a seemingly deserted town very much opposite of the town she saw from her window view. She saw the rugged and tired image of Lance looking at her. One by one, the ordinary residents came walking towards her. All of them appeared to be starving and filthy. Nobody seemed to be the reflection of the nourished people her parents have described before. She could not believe it. â€Å"What is this place? † She asked in horror unable to believe she was just a few steps away from her castle. â€Å"This is your town, Selene,† Lance murmured in a sympathetic tone. â€Å"Help us, Princess†¦Ã¢â‚¬  she heard the approaching townspeople said. â€Å"Help us. † She was startled by the sudden bolt of thunder and lightning which pierced the sky. She noticed the sudden shift of the townspeople’s attention from her to the castle behind her. In shock, she had forgotten the existence of a place before her. She shifted her gaze to the castle. She stared in horror as she caught whole view of the castle’s repulsiveness. It was covered in dark moss, fully surrounded and enveloped by dark bulging clouds. The facade were ornamented with cracks and the towers were fully nested with ugly crows. It was not an image of beauty and absolutely not a place of peace and harmony. It was an image of darkness and evil only covered with elegant ornaments and illusions. Illusions—everything the princess have known before were merely illusions. Among the flock of trees, the thirteenth fairy smiled as she saw the look on the princess’ face. The fairy was torn between the feeling of pity towards the princess’ previous life of ignorance and delight that she had finally made her way outside that ignorance. Her eyes were finally opened to the real world outside her fairytale life. â€Å"At last, the gift of reality has already been consumed. †

sleeping at the wheel :: essays research papers

Sleeping At the Wheel The dangers of sleepiness when driving. Sleepiness affects the ability to concentrate and maintain attention and vigilance particularly when physically inactive. These effects may expose the sleepy individual to potentially dangerous consequences, particularly in sedentary and monotonous situations such as while driving a vehicle. Sleepiness is a major contributing factor to road traffic accidents. Studies of motorway accidents indicate that 20 to 25% appear to be due to drivers falling asleep at the wheel and are these are particularly likely to occur in the early morning or mid afternoon. Accidents in which the driver has fallen asleep tend to be particularly serious because of the lack of reaction of the driver to the impending collision. Furthermore, sleepy drivers report a high incidence of near-misses on the road while driving, which suggests that they have an awareness of the driving risks related to sleepiness short of being involved in an actual collision. A Gallup poll carried out by the British Sleep Foundation found that 19% of male drivers admitted to having fallen asleep while driving . Occupations such as long-haul truck driving are particularly associated with sleepiness while driving which may not be surprising given the time they spend on the road. These findings are particularly worrying because of the likelihood of a fatal accident where a large truck driven by a driver who falls asleep is involved. Many spectacular multiple vehicle collisions that have occurred on motorways have been traced to drivers falling asleep at the wheel. US government figures indicate that 31% of lorry accidents in which the driver is killed are due to sleepiness. Avoiding sleeping at the wheel. All drivers should be made aware of the serious dangers of driving when sleepy and should take active measures to minimise the risks. Drivers should not start out at all if they are sleepy. Overnight drives are a particular danger and every effort should be made to have a sleep before setting out. If a driver becomes sleepy at the wheel they should stop and ideally another driver should take over. If this is impossible they should rest and take a nap. Research has shown that a short (10 - 20 minutes) nap can be refreshing in this situation. Indeed if one has to drive on, the best measure may be to stop, have a cup of a caffeine containing drink and then a 20 minute nap.

Investigacion Suavizantes

INVESTIGACION COMERCIAL SUAVIZANTES INDICE: Suavizantes: ?Por que este producto? El hecho de escoger este producto para realizar una investigacion comercial acerca del mismo se debe a varias circunstancias: hace anos quizas nosotros no teniamos en cuenta la manera ni los medios de como realizar las tareas domesticas. Pero si teniamos claro que el frescor y el olor de la ropa que nos lavaban en casa nos reconfortaba, nos daba sensacion de limpieza y sensacion de estar cerca de nuestro hogar. Despues de haber vivido algunos anos en residencia y haber sentido que nuestras prendas no nos aportaban las sensaciones que nos aportaban cuando estabamos en casa y una vez viviendo en piso nos preocupamos por la eleccion de los productos de limpieza. Ademas ahora somos nosotros quien nos realizamos estas labores. El suavizante es un producto que ademas de ser imprescindible para conservar la ropa nos podemos decantar por el por el olor que nos ofrecen, la sensacion de frescor y limpieza y la facilidad que este producto nos aporta a la hora de encargarnos del planchado. Puesto que el suavizante ayuda a que las arrugas de la ropa sean menores que las que tendriamos en las prendas de ropa si no utilizaramos este producto. A continuacion vamos a realizar un analisis del suavizante. Investigando las marcas que podemos encontrar en este mercado, los establecimientos que lo ofrecen y como se comportan los consumidores al adquirir este producto. El producto: Un suavizante textil es un producto que se utiliza comunmente en el proceso de lavado de ropa. El suavizante se comercializa disuelto en agua y se anade en forma liquida a la lavadora. Los ingredientes mas importantes de los suavizantes son los tensioactivos cationicos, habitualmente del tipo amonio cuaternario. Estos tensioactivos se adhieren a las fibras del tejido, proporcionando suavidad. Proporcionan tambien volumen, esponjosidad y otorgan propiedades antiestaticas. Hacen que las prendas sean mas faciles de planchar y ayudan a reducir la aparicion de arrugas. Por ultimo, pero no menos importante, los suavizantes aportan a la ropa una agradable fragancia. Un reciente estudio ha puesto de manifiesto que los suavizantes previenen la aparicion de arrugas y facilitan el planchado, pero no todos aumentan el volumen respecto a un lavado sin suavizante. La industria de los suavizantes esta concentrando sus productos cada vez mas. Los suavizantes concentrados tienen un mayor porcentaje de tensioactivos cationicos. En la actualidad los suavizantes textiles se comercializan con una concentracion de tensioactivos cationicos que oscila entre el 8 y el 15%, en contraposicion con los suavizantes diluidos comercializados durante los anos 90, que tenian una cantidad de materia activa proxima al 5%. Los suavizantes concentrados requieren dosis mas pequenas, ocupan menos espacio, es necesario menos plastico para su envasado y al caber mas unidades por camion, emiten menos dioxido de carbono a la atmosfera. Cualidades basicas: -Frescura -Suavidad -Reduce y facilita al planchado Estas son las cualidades basicas que caracteriza a los suavizantes. Son las cualidades que el consumidor pone como requisito para adquirir el suavizantes adecuado. ?Por que se debe utilizar suavizante? En la lavadora, lavado tras lavado, las fibras de los tejidos pierden algunas de sus propiedades mecanicas e integridad como consecuencia del intenso estres mecanico al que se ven sometidas y de los efectos quimicos de la dureza del agua. Con el paso del tiempo, las fibras de los tejidos se vuelven asperas y se enredan. Al no usar suavizantes, las fibras permanecen enredadas mientras se secan y las prendas se vuelven mas rigidas. El uso de secadoras de aire inducido ayuda a suavizar la ropa, pero con frecuencia las fibras sinteticas se cargan de electricidad estatica lo que provoca atraccion electroestatica. Resultados: Si se usa un suavizante en el ciclo de aclarado, sus agentes ayudan a mantener la suavidad de las fibras de los tejidos. Esto reduce la friccion de las fibras entre si y de las fibras con la piel del usuario. Cuando las fibras se mueven con mayor libertad, las prendas tienen una mayor suavidad y sufriran un desgaste menor con el paso del tiempo, especialmente las partes con un grado de estres mas alto, como cuellos, codos y punos. La ropa se arruga menos al secarse y resulta mas facil de planchar. Si se usan secadoras, las prendas sinteticas tendran una menor atraccion electroestatica al extraerlas de la secadora. La reduccion de la friccion en la piel y la suavidad de las prendas proporcionan una sensacion general de comodidad al usuario. Una caracteristica adicional de los suavizantes para la ropa es que dejan un olor agradable en las prendas lavadas. Los estudios sobre el consumo indican que el olor es con frecuencia el motivo por el que los consumidores eligen una variante o marca determinada frente a otras. Establecimientos: TipoSociedad Anonima Fundacion1963 SedeAvenida Raymond Poincare 6 Paris, Francia AdministracionLars Olofsson Ceo IndustriaMinorista Ingresos97,6 billones â‚ ¬ (2009) Empleados430. 000 FilialesChampion, Ed Shopi, GB, 8 a Huit, Dia Sitio webwww. carrefour. com Datos Relevantes: Carrefour S. A. es una cadena francesa internacional de hipermercados. En el 2009, el grupo poseia 15. 5000 almacenes en 35 paises, tenia mas de 495. 000 empleados Sus ventas consolidadas alcanzaron 108. 629 millones de euros. Su actividad se centra en tres mercados: Europa, Asia y America Latina. Siendo de origen frances, el 56% de su negocio se produce fuera de Francia. El grupo se centra en mercados de gran expansion: China, Brasil, Indonesia, Polonia y Turquia. Historia: Fue en un seminario de Bernardo Trujillo en los Estados Unidos, donde a Marcel Fournier y Denis Defforey les vino la inspiracion. La sociedad Carrefour fue creada en la Alta Saboya en 1959 por las familias Fournier y Defforey. En 1963, Carrefour invento el concepto de hipermercado, abriendo el primero en la Isla de Francia en Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois. La sociedad se establecio en Belgica en 1969, en Espana en 1973 y en Brasil en 1975. La sociedad Promodis (futura Promodes) se creo en 1961 tras la fusion de las empresas de dos familias normandas de mayoristas dirigidos por Paul-Auguste Halley y Leonor Duval-Lemonnier. El nombre de Carrefour significa â€Å"cruce de caminos†, ya que el primer hipermercado estaba precisamente ubicado en un cruce de caminos. Carrefour y Promodes se fusionaron en 1999 para dar lugar al primer grupo europeo y al segundo grupo mundial de distribucion, despues de Wal-Mart. Dirigida por Jose Luis Duran entre 2005 y finales de 2008. Desde el 1 de enero de 2009 Lars Olofsson, pocedente del grupo Nestle, es el director general. Es posible que el gigante de la distribucion se desprenda de su filial E. D. y Dia (Espana y Portugal), por un importe cercano a los 5 millardos de euros (5. 00. 000. 000 â‚ ¬). En 1976, lanza una gama de productos la marca de su distribuidor, con un empaquetado muy sobrio y una promocion orientada hacia la composicion con precios permanentes. En 2006 Carrefour cambio la imagen de su marca, la cual tomo un diseno mas atractivo, con envases disenados con colores suaves como el azul, y faciles de identificar. Los nuevos envases cuentan con el logotipo de la empresa, mas grande que antes cuando solo aparecia el nombre Carrefour en una fina banda en la esquina inferior derecha. Bajo el mando del nuevo presidente ejecutivo, Lars Olofsson, la empresa se esta concentrando en cambiar la reputacion del minorista enfocandose en los precios bajos, ya que la cadena es percibida por los consumidores como demasiado cara. Actualmente el grupo Carrefour ocupa el numero 1 en distribucion europea y el 2? del mundo. Cifras : En enero de 2004, las principales insignias del grupo son: †¢Hipermercados (5. 000 a 20. 000 m? ): Carrefour †¢Supermercados (1. 000 a 2. 000 m? ): Champion, Carrefour Express, barrio , Supermercados GS, Norte, Supermercados GB †¢Maxidescuento (200 a 800 m? : Supermercados Dia, Ed †¢Comercio de proximidad: Shopi, Marche Plus, 8 a Huit, Di per Di, Proxi El grupo en el mundo : El grupo Carrefour cuenta con establecimientos en 35 paises de Europa, Asia y America Latina. Espana : El grupo Carrefour se establecio en Espana en 1973 con los supermercados Pryca. En el 2000 los establecimientos de Continente y Pryca pasaron a formar parte d el grupo Carrefour, fusionandose. Los hipermercados de estas empresas pasaron a llamarse Carrefour, los supermercados se pasaron a llamar Champion y en 2005, Maxi Dia y Carrefour Express pasando a desaparecer la denominacion Champion. El Grupo Carrefour tambien posee tiendas pequenas en barrios llamados Dia. Algunos Dia ahora son Maxi Dia (los grandes) y Dia Market (los pequenos). Se encuentran repartidos por toda la geografia espanola: Andalucia (Malaga,Cadiz,Granada,Los Barrios,Estepona,Marbella)Madrid,Valencia,etc. Estan presentes en la mayoria de las ciudades espanolas de las 17 Comunidades Autonomas y forman parte del paisaje comercial de vanguardia. Son el banco de pruebas del desarrollo industrial y cuentan con el apoyo de los consumidores espanoles de varias generaciones. Cumplen mas de 36 anos en Espana, y son referentes del formato en la distribucion moderna. 008 cierra el ejercicio con 168 centros bajo la ensena Carrefour. La dimension del area de ventas de los centros abarca desde los 2. 500 m2 de los mini-hiper hasta los mas de 10. 000 m2 del concepto clasico de hipermercado. Motor de los entornos socioeconomicos: Dinamizan sus zonas de influencia y agrupan en su rededor polos de atraccion junto con e l comercio, la restauracion y los servicios mas vanguardistas de la region, configurando pujantes areas comerciales. Conveniente en precios y surtido: El modelo de Carrefour es aceptado por ofrecer el mayor surtido de calidad a los mejores precios. La libertad de eleccion de productos, marcas y precios convence a los consumidores. Mas de 100. 000 referencias de articulos regionales, nacionales e internacionales, configuran una rica opcion, innovadora y conveniente. Los servicios complementarios de las filiales optimizan el acto de compra. Una atractiva vida comercial en el ano: Su amplio desarrollo de alimentacion, bazar, textil y una marcada estacionalidad, convierten el acto de compra en un acontecimiento familiar ludico. Mas de treinta actividades diferentes conviven entre si de manera natural, animadas. SedeCalle Hermosilla n? 112 AdministracionIsidoro Alvarez, Presidente IndustriaGrandes Almacenes, Turismo, Servicios ProductosTextil, alimentacion, drogueria, perfumeria, complementos. Agencia de Viajes. Correduria de seguros. Servicios y productos informaticos. MarcasEl Corte Ingles (Alimentacion y Bazar, Cesta estandar), Hipercor (Alimentacion y Bazar, Cesta estandar), Aliada (Cesta basica). Ingresos17. 362,53 millones â‚ ¬ (2008) Beneficio Neto382 millones â‚ ¬ (2008) Empleados97. 389 (2008) FilialesHipercor, Bricor, Supercor, Opencor, Viajes El Corte Ingles, Informatica El Corte Ingles. Sitio webelcorteingles. es hipercor. es El Corte Ingles es el primer grupo espanol de distribucion y uno de los lideres mundiales de grandes almacenes. Con mas de 70 anos de experiencia, el Grupo ha mantenido desde sus origenes una politica de servicio al cliente y un constante interes por adecuarse a los gustos y las necesidades que demanda la sociedad. Esto le ha llevado a una politica de diversificacion y a la creacion de nuevos formatos comerciales. Ademas de los grandes almacenes El Corte Ingles, el Grupo cuenta con otras cadenas como Hipercor, Opencor, Supercor, Sfera, Telecor, Viajes El Corte Ingles, Bricor, Optica 2000 e Informatica El Corte Ingles, entre otras. El Corte Ingles es hoy uno de los lideres mundiales de grandes almacenes con una fuerte implantacion en el mercado espanol y con presencia en Portugal. Desde que en 1935 el fundador de la compania, Ramon Areces, adquiriera una sastreria denominada El Corte Ingles, la empresa ha mantenido un continuo crecimiento. La politica comercial de la cadena esta basada en cinco grandes pilares que se han hecho extensivos al resto de las empresas del grupo: calidad maxima, servicio, surtido, especializacion y garantia. La oferta de los grandes almacenes incluye un amplio abanico de productos y servicios que van desde articulos de ocio y cultura a mobiliario, moda y complementos, electronica de consumo, jugueteria, decoracion, alimentacion, joyeria. Los centros comerciales estan pensados para satisfacer al cliente con una amplia gama de surtido y especialidades, y con la mayor concentracion de oferta de moda femenina, masculina e infantil del mercado. Mas de un millar de firmas presentan cada temporada en los establecimientos sus nuevas tendencias y propuestas. Las mas conocidas marcas nacionales e internacionales, en algunos casos en exclusiva para El Corte Ingles, asi como las firmas de numerosos disenadores y modistos que cuentan con sus propios corners, convierten a El Corte Ingles en una enorme avenida que destaca por la variedad de oferta, la dimension del espacio y la calidad del producto. Clientes: El modelo de venta expresado anteriormente sigue siendo valido hoy. Asi en su documento de Responsabilidad Social Empresarial se senala que los cinco pilares de compromiso con el cliente son: †¢Calidad †¢Servicio Surtido †¢Especializacion †¢Garantia Estos cinco pilares han producido una fidelizacion importante de sus clientes y en 2008 sus centros recibieron mas de 600 millones de visitas. Esta fidelizacion se ha producido a pesar de ofrecer precios superiores al resto de competidores, aunque suple este inconveniente mediante la realizacion de ofertas, la induccion a la demanda mediante el esfuerzo publicitario mas gra nde que realiza cualquier empresa espanola, la carencia en el pago de compras y un amplio programa de financiacion automatica para la compra de sus articulos. Entre lo anterior cabe destacar que la Tarjeta de Compras de El Corte Ingles sea una de las mas populares en el bolsillo de los espanoles, con mas de 10,8 millones de tarjetas activas en 2008 y con un crecimiento constante desde su introduccion en 1968. Los titulares de la tarjeta de compras se benefician de una carencia automatica de un mes en el pago de la liquidacion mensual y la posibilidad de aplazar sin intereses los pagos a tres meses, o con bajos intereses hasta 36 meses. Ademas se benefician de al menos dos horas gratis en aquellos aparcamientos de pago de los centros y con la tarjeta se permite comprar cualquier producto que se venda en los centros pertenecientes al grupo El Corte Ingles inclusive productos estancados como Tabacos. Desde 2006 la tarjeta tambien permite el pago de compras en las estaciones de servicio del grupo Repsol. No obstante lo anterior el factor precio comienza a resultar importante para el cliente, sobre todo en lo referente a la compra de alimentacion con una fuerte competencia. Para evitar que esto suponga un problema y cambiar la percepcion de los clientes El Corte Ingles ha lanzado una marca blanca de cesta basica, Aliada, y ha iniciado una campana de publicidad para intentar cambiar esta percepcion sobre sus marcas. Grupo Eroski es una empresa cooperativa espanola de distribucion con sede en Elorrio, (Vizcaya). Fundada en el Pais Vasco en 1969, hoy cuenta con unos 20. 000 trabajadores repartidos por toda Espana. La empresa cuenta con alrededor de 2. 00 establecimientos de diferentes marcas, entre las que se incluyen los hipermercados â€Å"Eroski†, supermercados â€Å"Eroski City† y â€Å"Eroski Center†, supermercados â€Å"Aliprox†, supermercados â€Å"Cash Record†, supermercados â€Å"Caprabo†, supermercados â€Å"Familia†, â€Å"Viajes Eroski†, â€Å"Opticas Eroski†, â€Å"Perfumerias IF†, â€Å"Tiendas de Deporte FORUM† y â€Å"Tiendas de ocio y cultura ABAC†. El Grup o Eroski, es un conglomerado de sociedades de diferente realidad juridica y distinta composicion accionarial, pudiendo encontrar desde Sociedades Cooperativas (la matriz Eroski S. Coop. ) hasta SAs con porcentajes de participacion accionarial diferentes (ej Caprabo 70% o Vegalsa 50%). Es parte de la Corporacion Mondragon en la division de distribucion. El nombre Eroski es una contraccion de las palabras en euskera â€Å"erosi† (comprar) y â€Å"toki† (lugar), traducible como â€Å"lugar donde comprar†. Dos aspectos son relevantes: 1. La primera es la propiedad, de la que son depositarios en igualdad de condiciones unos 9. 000 trabajadores, con una persona un voto en la Asamblea General. . Actua desde su origen con la reinversion permanente de sus beneficios y destina el 10% de los resultados para el desempeno de Fundacion Eroski, que vertebra su accion social en favor del consumidor y la informacion, el desarrollo sostenible y la solidaridad. Consumidores socios : Son unos 450. 000 ciudadanos asociados como consumidores a este grupo cuyos representantes participan en el gobierno de la empresa. A la par, unos 100. 000 ciudadanos son Amigos de Fundacion Eroski. Todos ellos participan de modo voluntario en las acciones formativas que Idea Sana Eroski desarrolla con asiduidad sobre materias de interes del ciudadano, desde aspectos relativos a la salud como iniciativas de solidaridad en colaboracion con diferentes ONG. Iniciativas sociales: La Fundacion Eroski promueve igualmente iniciativas de cooperacion internacional para proyectos de desarrollo sostenible en paises necesitados. La Fundacion COPADE, la Fundacion AKWABA y la Federacion Espanola Religiosos Sanitarios F. E. R. S. ueron los utimos protagonistas al ser elegidos sus proyectos. En sus cuatro ediciones anteriores, la Fundacion EROSKI ha financiado los proyectos de las entidades que se mencionan por un importe que asciende a 536. 400,70 euros. En anteriores ediciones fueron beneficiarios los proyectos de Fundacion C. E. A. R. , Fundacion Intermon-Oxfam y COCEMFE, en 2003. Fundacion Ayuda en Accion, Fundacion Save The Children y Cruz Roja en el 2002. En 2001 fueron elegidos los proye ctos de Fundacion Vicente Ferrer, Fundacion Inter Red y Setem Cataluna. Su labor se ha visto reconocida durante el ejercicio 2004 con el Premio Europeo de Medio Ambiente a la empresa. El premio, otorgado por la Fundacion Entorno y respaldado por la Comision Europea, el Ministerio espanol de Ciencia y Tecnologia y la Sociedad Espanola de Participaciones Industriales, reconoce los esfuerzos de Grupo Eroski para el logro de un desarrollo compatible con la preservacion del entorno y el aumento del bienestar social. Asimismo, Grupo Eroski ha editado su Memoria de Sostenibilidad siguiendo las normas dictadas por Global Reporting Iniciative y AENOR. La Memoria es la primera publicada por una empresa de distribucion en Espana y ha sido elaborada conforme a la metodologia GRI2002, que ofrece una vision economica, social y medioambiental de la actividad de la empresa. Red comercial : La red comercial de Eroski en Espana, en noviembre de 2007 la formaban: †¢115 hipermercados â€Å"Eroski†. †¢1. 042 supermercados â€Å"Eroski Center†, â€Å"Caprabo† y â€Å"Eroski City†. †¢El Supermercado â€Å"Eroski Online†, su servicio de compra online de alimentacion. †¢280 oficinas â€Å"Eroski Viajes†. †¢52 gasolineras. †¢44 tiendas de deporte â€Å"Forum Sport†. 310 perfumerias â€Å"If†. †¢5 tiendas de ocio y cultura â€Å"ABAC†. †¢28 plataformas de distribucion. †¢Operador de Telefonia Movil (â€Å"Eroski Movil†). A esta red se le suman 584 autoservicios franquiciados. En Francia, Eroski cuenta ademas con 4 hipermercados, 16 sup ermercados y 17 gasolineras. En mayo de 2007 adquirio el 75% del Grupo Caprabo, ensena que se ha mantenido en mas de 300 tiendas en Cataluna y Madrid. Desde esa fecha los supermercados Caprabo comenzaron a sustituir sus productos de marca Caprabo por productos de la marca Eroski. Asi mismo, tambien se asocio con el grupo frances Intermarche, tambien conocidos como â€Å"Los Mosqueteros†, y EDEKA (Alemania) creando una Alianza Internacional para la negociacion y compra conjunta. Desde finales de 2007, Eroski participa en el negocio de la telefonia movil, actuando como operador movil virtual (OMV) con la marca Eroski Movil. Marcas : †¢Eroski: general †¢Eroski selectia: productos de alimentacion selectos †¢Eroski natur: productos de alimentacion naturales (carne, pescado, fruta) †¢Ecron: electrodomesticos †¢Berthen: electrodomesticos †¢VistoBueno: textil †¢Romester: productos deportivos Los productos de las marcas Eroski tienen como una de sus caracteristicas el incluir su nombre y diversa informacion aparte de en castellano, en euskera, catalan y gallego. Es una compania de distribucion, integrada dentro del segmento de supermercados, de capital 100% espanol. Su presidente ejecutivo es Juan Roig. A nivel nacional, esta presente en 46 provincias de 15 comunidades autonomas con una red de 1. 266 supermercados (25/02/10). Durante el 2007, alcanzo una facturacion de 13. 986 millones de euros, un 15% mas que en 2006. Sus instalaciones y clientes son atendidos por mas de 62. 00 personas en toda la cadena, de las que el 100% estan en situacion de fijos. Los supermercados, con una sala de ventas de unos 1. 300 metros cuadrados de media, responden a un modelo de comercio urbano de proximidad, con un amplio surtido en alimentacion (fresca y seca), drogueria, perfumeria y comida para animales domesticos. Desde1993, Mercadona se inicio en la filosofia de Calidad total. Esta de cision ha llevado a la compania a realinear sus objetivos instaurando el siguiente orden: Cliente, que internamente es conocido con el apelativo de â€Å"El Jefe†, Trabajador, Proveedor, Sociedad y Capital. Recreacion de secciones de Tienda â€Å"por ambientes†En grandes lineas esta filosofia tiene los siguientes efectos: Comercial: La estrategia comercial desarrollada por la empresa desde 1993 se denomina S. P. B. (Siempre Precios Bajos). Ademas, se esta trabajando sobre el aseguramiento de la calidad intrinseca de los productos impulsando la estrategia del Principio de Vida Recursos humanos: El modelo de Calidad total nos ha llevado a considerar al trabajador como segundo objetivo de la empresa. Ejemplo de ello es que el 100% de las mas de 62. 000 personas que componen la organizacion son fijos. Tambien es de destacar el pago del 100% del sueldo en caso de incapacidad laboral, disfrutar de unos sueldos minimos que superan la media del sector, asi como la formacion en Calidad total a las mas de 62. 000 personas en cursos especificos de 70 horas/ano por trabajador, entre otras. Mercadona es una compania espanola de distribucion con sede y origen en la ciudad de Valencia. Su nombre proviene de la fusion de las palabras en valenciano â€Å"Mercat† (Mercado) y â€Å"Dona† (Mujer). Los Supermercados Mercadona, con una sala de ventas de una superficie media de 1. 00 m? , responden a un modelo de comercio urbano de proximidad, y mantienen un surtido en alimentacion, drogueria, perfumeria y complementos que se caracteriza por potenciar la presencia de sus propias marcas blancas y reducir la oferta de aquellas marcas externas que no mantengan un minimo de rotacion. Origen e historia: Mercadona S. A. nace en 1977, dentro del grupo Carnicas Roig, propiedad de Francisco Roi g Ballester y su esposa Trinidad Alfonso Mocholi, con el objetivo de ampliar la comercializacion de carnes y expandirse al negocio de ultramarinos. En 1981 Juan Roig, uno de los hijos del anterior, compra a sus padres la empresa, que en ese momento cuenta con 8 tiendas de ultramarinos en Valencia, con el apoyo de su esposa y de sus hermanos Francisco, Amparo y Trinidad. Siendo nombrado su presidente ejecutivo, cargo en el que permanece hasta hoy, transforma los primitivos ultramarinos en una pequena cadena de supermercados que pronto se extenderian dentro de la Comunidad Valenciana. Aprovechando los parametros de crecimiento del sector de la distribucion durante los anos ochenta: modernizacion del sector e incorporacion masiva de la mujer al mundo laboral, Mercadona comienza una expansion que se va a ver limitada por la introduccion en el sector del capital frances lo que va a producir una concentracion importante del sector de distribucion alimentaria y, debido a su potencia, una presion sobre los proveedores para abaratar el producto que dificilmente podia llevar a cabo Mercadona en ese momento. La estrategia de expansion se realiza en un primer momento mediante la adquisicion de otras empresas de su sector que comienzan a acusar la presion del capital frances y asi se hace en 1988 con la adquisicion de los 22 supermercados de Superette, en 1989 con la adquisicion de las empresas Cesta Distribucion y Desarrollo de Centros Comerciales, en 1991 con la adquisicion de Dinos y Super Aguilar y en 1998 con la adquisicion de las cadenas catalanas de Almacens Paquer y Supermercats Vilaro. Tambien se firman alianzas como la alcanzada en 1997 con Almacenes Gomez Serrano para introducirse en el mercado andaluz. La concentracion mencionada coloca tambien a Mercadona en una situacion dificil en aquella epoca pero, a pesar de jugosas ofertas de compra de la empresa, Juan Roig decide mantenerla y explorar modelos de gestion que le permitan su crecimiento. En 1990 Juan Roig junto a su esposa Hortensia, se hacen con la mayoria del accionariado de la empresa. Como primera reaccion a esa concentracion Mercadona realiza una politica de ajuste de precios con los proveedores e invierte fuertemente en publicidad y en la realizacion de ofertas gancho, en las que se publicitan productos con un precio extremadamente atractivo compensandose el margen perdido con otros productos, pero pronto se ve que los resultados no son los esperados y se decide replantear la situacion mediante una estrategia nueva que vera la luz en 1993. Esta estrategia se realiza aplicando el modelo de Gestion de Calidad Total (GCT) que se constituye desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar e integradora que conjuga aspectos logisticos, fisicos, humanos y de liderazgo y cuyo fin es la creacion de valor para todos los grupos intervinientes en el negocio: clientes, proveedores, recursos humanos y capital. Conforme su memoria durante el ano 2009, los Supermercados Mercadona alcanzaron una facturacion de 15. 05 millones de euros, y un beneficio neto de 270 millones de euros con un EBITDA de 725 millones de euros. Su cuota de mercado en la distribucion alimentaria es del 12,8% con presencia en 46 provincias y 15 de las 17 Comunidades Autonomas de Espana, no presente unicamente en el Pais Vasco y en Navarra, a traves de sus 1. 264 establecimientos. Su plantilla esta compuesta de 62. 000 empleados de los que el 67% son mujeres y la totalidad de la contratacion es indefinida. El capital de Mercadona es mayoritariamente familiar y en 2008 su Consejo de administracion se componia de las siguientes personas: Modelo de gestion: El crecimiento y expansion de Mercadona es considerado como un exito que ha llamado la atencion a estudiosos del sector. Durante el periodo 1998-2003 el crecimiento de su volumen de ventas supero el 25% anual cuando el ratio normal del sector no suele superar el 9% siendo superada en crecimiento unicamente por Wal-Mart y consolidandola como la decimocuarta empresa de distribucion a nivel mundial. Segun Family Business Magazine esta entre las empresas familiares mas grandes del mundo, en el puesto 85 entre 250, siendo la numero 2 de Espana despues de El Corte Ingles. Segun su presidente Juan Roig, su estrategia central se ha resumido en la union de buenos salarios junto con una alta productividad, aplicando un modelo de gestion enfocado en el cliente denominado Gestion de Calidad Total (GCT). El modelo GCT en Mercadona fue adoptado en 1993 con el objetivo de defenderse ante la turbulencia que vivia el sector y establecer un modelo que ofreciera estabilidad en precios, proveedores y trabajadores que permitiera conseguir una clientela fija. Aunque los dos primeros anos tras la adopcion de la estrategia no se consiguieron resultados visibles a partir de 1995 se empiezan a cosechar los frutos de esta estabilidad y es a partir de este momento cuando comienza su crecimiento imparable. El modelo de Gestion de Calidad Total de Mercadona se enfoca en cinco aspectos de satisfaccion que por este orden son: †¢Satisfaccion del cliente (El Jefe en la terminologia de la empresa) mediante la estabilidad en los precios, los cuales siempre son atractivos, Siempre Precios Bajos, desechando la realizacion de ofertas gancho. †¢Compromiso de los empleados ofreciendoles estabilidad en el puesto de trabajo, homogeinizacion de niveles y responsabilidades, formacion continuada, incentivos sobre objetivos y unos salarios ligeramente por encima de la media del sector. Vinculacion con los proveedores basada en la confianza, relaciones a largo plazo, estabilidad y colaboracion. La compensacion en el ajuste del precio se le compensa mediante una relacion a largo plazo, plazos de pago mas cortos que la competencia, la transformacion de la marca propia a marca blanca y ayudas en mejoras productivas. En 1998 se crea la figura del Interproveedor productor que fabrica en exclusiva pa ra Mercadona y comercializa a traves de las marcas de esta. En 2008 el numero de Interproveedores alcanza los 100 de los mas de 2. 00 proveedores existentes. †¢Compromiso etico con el desarrollo y proteccion de la sociedad. †¢Vinculacion con el Capital, al cual, mediante la satisfaccion de los elementos anteriores, se le satisface mediante un aumento de la productividad y una constancia en los beneficios. Este Modelo ha recibido no obstante criticas de la mayoria de los actores implicados. Asi la desaparicion de marcas externas y la preeminencia de las marcas blancas de la propia distribuidora ha provocado quejas de consumidores y de proveedores. La politica social, que segun la empresa es parte integrante de su Modelo de Gestion mediante contrataciones indefinidas de la totalidad de la plantilla, acciones tendentes a la conciliacion de la vida laboral con la no apertura en festivos, apoyo a la natalidad con un mes mas de licencia por embarazo y el reparto de un porcentaje del beneficio entre los empleados que alcancen los objetivos propuestos ha sido tambien cuestionada en especial por el sindicato CNT que desde 2004 mantiene un conflicto laboral que fue dado a conocer por los propios empleados de la compania. Actualmente, el conflicto entre CNT y Mercadona sigue abierto, y se han presentado nuevas denuncias por acoso laboral y malos tratos hacia los trabajadores. En cuanto a los proveedores, ademas de las quejas de aquellos que fabrican marca propia por la retirada de sus productos, se han anunciado presiones excesivas de Mercadona a aquellos que fabrican sus marcas blancas, los conocidos por la empresa como Interproveedores, que limitan su libertad de accion, pretenden aduenarse de toda la cadena productiva o trasladar los costes de distribucion por expectativas no alcanzadas. Respecto a la acusacion de concentracion vertical cabe destacar la creacion por la familia Roig de Sociedades de Capital Riesgo como Angels Capital y Atitlan Alpha Capital que intervienen de forma prioritaria en las relaciones con los interproveedores. Marcas: †¢Hacendado – alimentacion †¢Deliplus – perfumeria en general †¢Compy – comida para animales †¢Bosque Verde – drogueria †¢Como tu – perfumeria mujer †¢9,60 – perfumeria hombre †¢El cafetal – cafe †¢Entrepinares – lacteos solidos Presencia geografica : Mercadona posee 8 bloques logisticos con mas de 600. 000 m? en Valencia, Malaga, Barcelona, Alicante, Sevilla, Tenerife, Madrid y Gran Canaria. Tiene previsto abrir 3 nuevos bloques logisticos en Leon, Granada y Zaragoza y dispone de 2 almacenes satelites en Leon y Baleares. En cuanto a superficies de venta Mercadona dispone de 1. 264 supermercados en Espana. OpenCor es una cadena de Tiendas de Conveniencia, lo que supone abrir los 365 dias del ano durante 18 horas. Pensadas para dar servicio al cliente y satisfacer sus necesidades de cada dia, la compra de ultima hora o cualquier olvido, los establecimientos OpenCor ofrecen una nueva forma de comprar, rapida, proxima, comoda y con la mejor garantia de calidad. Cuenta, ademas, con la ventaja de pagar con la tarjeta de compra de El Corte Ingles. OpenCor vio la luz el 18 de mayo de 2000, con la inauguracion del primer establecimiento en Majadahonda (Madrid). Desde entonces ha experimentado un rapido crecimiento con la apertura de tiendas distribuidas por toda Espana. Gracias a que su superficie de venta es inferior a 500 metros cuadrados, el formato permite gran flexibilidad para ubicarse en las principales capitales de provincia; A Coruna, Alicante, Almeria, Barcelona, Castellon, Cordoba, Gerona, Granada, Las Palmas, Lerida, Madrid, Malaga, Murcia, Pontevedra, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Sevilla, Tarragona, Valencia y Zaragoza. Desde noviembre de 2008, es tambien la marca de referencia en las Estaciones de Servicio fruto del acuerdo entre El Corte Ingles y Repsol (hasta ahora como conocidas como Repsol-Supercor. La Superestacion). De esta forma, bajo la marca comercial OpenCor, encontraremos dos formatos de establecimientos: – Mas de 183 tiendas de conveniencia repartidas por todo el territorio nacional – Mas de 34 tiendas ubicadas en las Estaciones de Servicio Respsol- OpenCor. La Superestacion, adaptadas a las necesidades actuales, donde el cliente, ademas de repostar carburante, puede realizar su compra comodamente en una superficie de mas de 150 metros cuadrados . Se trata de una de las ensenas del grupo con mayor potencial de crecimiento. Los centros OpenCor ofrecen mas de 8. 00 articulos, que comprenden una amplia gama de articulos de alimentacion, drogueria, perfumeria asi como pan recien hecho, prensa y revistas, musica, peliculas, libros, juguetes, videojuegos y regalos. Ademas, en estas tiendas el cliente puede recargar su movil, revelar sus fotografias y realizar fotocopias. Las tiendas de OpenCor ofrecen una amplia y equilibrada gama de productos de alimentacion, perfumeria, regalos, ocio y prensa, ademas de otros servicios . Dentro de los planes de diversificacion de la compania, la ensena OpenCor represento un reto. El termino â€Å"OpenCor† se selecciono entre muchos, pues representaba perfectamente la vocacion con la que se creaba la nueva linea de negocio del grupo. El conjunto del termino, que unia la palabra del ingles â€Å"open† y â€Å"cor† resaltaba, por un lado, la importancia de que fuera una tienda siempre abierta y, por otro, la ventaja de contar con el respaldo y la garantia del lider. Datos de la Empresa: OpenCor es una cadena espanola de tiendas de conveniencia perteneciente al grupo de empresas El Corte Ingles, cuyo presidente es Isidoro Alvarez Alvarez y su director general Victor del Pozo Gil. Constituye un nuevo concepto de cadena de tiendas abiertas los 365 dias del ano durante 18 horas, pensadas para satisfacer las necesidades de cada dia, la compra de ultima hora, o cualquier olvido. Las tiendas Opencor presentan secciones de productos de primera necesidad (alimentacion, drogueria, y similares) asi como articulos de ocio (discos, peliculas, videojuegos, etc. ), regalos y otros productos. Opencor se inauguro el 18 de mayo del ano 2000 a traves de su centro de Majadahonda en Madrid. Las tiendas Opencor existentes en las estaciones de servicio de Repsol se denominan Repsol-Opencor y se gestionan por la sociedad Gespevesa,1 cuyo accionariado se reparte a partes iguales entre El Corte Ingles y Repsol. Previamente a esta denominacion se denominaron Repsol-Supercor desde 1998. Distribucion geografica: Opencor (Tiendas de Conveniencia S. A. ) y Repsol-Opencor (Gespevesa S. A. ) disponen de 187 tiendas en Espana: †¢58 en Madrid †¢40 en Andalucia †¢39 en Cataluna †¢32 en la Comunidad Valenciana †¢9 en Galicia †¢4 en Aragon †¢3 en Canarias †¢2 en Murcia Tienda tradicional: La tienda tradicional es un negocio en el que la gente puede adquirir bienes o servicios a cambio de una contraprestacion economica. Se trata de establecimientos pequenos con atencion directa por parte de un vendedor o dependiente, en el caso de algunas tiendas podemos encontrar mas de uno. Tambien le caracteriza la existencia de un mostrador que separa la sala de venta de los articulos de venta. En este tipo de establecimientos el cliente es asiduo y cercano al comerciante lo que hace que el trato y la atencion sea mas directo que en otro tipo de establecimientos como las grandes superficies. El dependiente suele conocer al consumidor y sus gustos, lo que le ayuda a saber como venderle y que venderle. El surtido suele ser limitado. Suelen tener poca variedad de cada producto, dos o tres marcas aproximadamente. Aunque son establecimientos son pequenos vende por su proximidad y cercania. Su tamano varia entre 15 y 50 metros de superficie. Este tipo de tiendas estan desapareciendo cada dia mas debido al asentamiento de las grandes superficies en las ciudades o nucleos urbanos y a la cercania de los supermercados. Lo que ha provocado el cierre de muchos de estos comercios en los ultimos anos. Tienda Tradicional 54 dosis cielo,azul, delicado 2,69â‚ ¬ Sensual 2,86â‚ ¬ La Toja (2,69)72 dosis cielo azul, delicado y frescor 3,90â‚ ¬ crystals azul, floral 3,99â‚ ¬ 480 gr36 dosis cielo azul y delicado 2,59â‚ ¬ 60 dosis 4,15â‚ ¬ Vernel Crystals 4,02â‚ ¬ 54 dosis azul 3,20â‚ ¬ Crystals 3,52â‚ ¬ 45 dosis azul, oceanico 2,69â‚ ¬ Marsella 2,86â‚ ¬ Relax 40 dosis 2,86â‚ ¬ 72 dosis Oceanico 3â‚ ¬ Colonia, Marsella, Rosa Hidratante 3,2â‚ ¬ Relax 64 dosis 3,2â‚ ¬72 dosis 3,30 144 dosis 5,70 essentis relajante de 64 dosis 3â‚ ¬45 dosis azul, oceanico, Marsella y rosa hidratante, 2,8572 dosis Azul 3 â‚ ¬ 750ml 3,67â‚ ¬ Azul y caricias. azul y caricias 4 â‚ ¬ 45 dosis Marsella y Aloe vera. 2,86â‚ ¬ 45 dosis 2,82â‚ ¬ azul, caricias, aloe vera 72 dosis 3,90â‚ ¬ azul, caricias y aloe vera4 litros 4,95 oferta, antes a 6,42 45 dosis Caricias 2,59â‚ ¬ Aloe vera 2,85â‚ ¬ 72 dosis 3,41â‚ ¬ Azul y flores72 dosis el 2,40â‚ ¬ flores blancas y brisa suave. 72 dosis es de 1,7â‚ ¬ colonia, aire rocio, aire prima, aire Marsella, aire pasion, aire verano, aire colonia. 2 litros 1,15â‚ ¬ 4litros 3â‚ ¬ 2 litros azul 2,15â‚ ¬72 dosis azul, spa, colonia, talco 1,60 â‚ ¬ 1,5 litros azul 2,15â‚ ¬ Conclusion: Empresas de suavizantes: UNILEVER Desde mediados del siglo XX, Unilever opera en Espana a traves de marcas presentes en la vida diaria de los espanoles. La presencia de Unilever en Espana se remonta a 1948. Desde entonces, ha experimentado un proceso de crecimiento similar al de la compania a nivel mundial. Actualmente, aproximadamente 1. 200 personas trabajan en nuestro pais, donde Unilever dispone de sus oficinas centrales en Barcelona y dos plantas industriales en Leioa (Vizcaya) y Aranjuez (Madrid). Ademas de una red comercial distribuida por todo el pais. En 2005, el grupo lanzo el programa One Unilever, con el que quiso reforzar su imagen corporativa. Mimosin es una marca emblematica en la categoria de suavizantes. De gran tradicion, siempre ha sido sinonimo de suavidad y caricia, ahora tambien incorpra fragancias para dejar en la ropa un agradable y fresco aroma. Mimosin esta presente en nuestros hogares desde hace varies generaciones y con una enorme notoriedad gracias a la presencia entranable de su icono: el osito de Mimosin. AC MARCA Notit pertenece al GRUPO AC MARCA, es un grupo internacional que tiene filiales en Portugal, Francia, Republica Checa, Mexico, Hungria, Rumania, Chile, Republica Eslovaca. Exporta a mas de 50 paises en todo el mundo. AC MARCA es la empresa que engloba las marcas enfocadas al cuidado del hogar: detergentes, limpiahogares, insecticidas†¦Sus marcas consolidadas y lideres en su segmento de negocio como NORIT, ALEX, YAK, ORION, GIOR e IBERIA estan en constante evolucion para ofrecer mejores soluciones adaptadas a las necesidades del consumidor del S. XXI. NORIT: NADA LAVA CON MAS CUIDADO. La marca lider en el cuidado de las prendas delicadas, ha evolucionado igual que sus consumidoras y hoy ofrece una amplia gama de productos para el cuidado de la ropa. Norit bebe (hipoalergenico), Cuidado delicado (a mano y a maquina), Pieles sensibles, Prendas modernas, Suavizante†¦ En 1944 nace la marca Norit, el primer detergente para lavar lana y seda, con su emblematico borreguito. En 1974 Norit crece con las versiones en liquido para lavado a mano. En 1995 se inicia la expansion internacional del grupo. HENKEL Henkel – A Brand Like a Friend – Este lema sintentiza la vision de hacer la vida de las personas mas facil, mejor y mas agradable con nuestras marcas y tecnologias. Con sede central en Dusseldorf (Alemania), Henkel cuenta con 52. 000 empleados en todo el mundo y es una de las empresas alemanas con mas presencia internacional en el mercado global. Consumidores de 125 paises en todo el mundo confian en las marcas y tecnologias de Henkel. El grupo aleman se instalo en Espana en 1960 tras comprar la empresa espanola Gota de Ambar, S. A. Actualmente Henkel Iberica cuenta con una plantilla de unos 1. 550 empleados. En 2008 la filial alcanzo unas ventas a terceros de 639 millones de euros. Henkel cuenta con 4 centros de produccion y distribucion en la Peninsula Iberica: Montornes del Valles, Sant Adria de Besos, Abrera y Sevilla, ademas de 3 centros de distribucion adicionales en Azuqueca de Henares, Castellbisbal y Sant Andreu de la Barca. Henkel opera en tres areas de negoci Vernel es la marca de suavizantes para la ropa que no solo suaviza tus prendas, sino que las deja con una agradable fragancia que permanece por mas tiempo. ?Caracteriscas del producto: Un frescor de ensueno Pieles sensibles Aromaterapia